Determinants of Land Use in Amazônia: A Fine-Scale Spatial Analysis

Wetter areas of the Amazon basin exhibit lower rates of agricultural conversion. Previous analyses, using relatively aggregate data on land cover, have been unable to determine the extent to which this reflects limited access versus unfavorable agroclimatic conditions. This article uses census-tract level data for the Brazilian Amazon to relate forest conversion and pasture productivity to precipitation, soil quality, infrastructure and market access, proximity to past conversion, and protection status. The probability that land is used for agriculture or intensively stocked with cattle declines markedly with increasing rainfall, other things equal.     

论农用地转用补偿及补偿制度改革

从分析我国的农用地转用类型出发，将农用地转用分为集体经济组织内的转用、单位或个人的转用、国家的征用三种类型；然后阐述了农用地向单位、个人转用补偿与土地征用补偿的异同，并分析了我国目前农用地转用补偿存在的问题；最后，针对土地转用补偿制度中存在的问题，提出了改革措施。     

Stop and Go Agricultural Policies with a Land Market

This article studies the design of farm policy in the presence of asymmetric information about farmers' productivity, a government objective to insure farmers a minimum "parity" income, an endogenous land rent, and diminishing returns on alternative (nonprogram crop) land uses. In this setting, acreage set asides are never part of an optimal farm policy, although compensated acreage limits are. When there are new farmer entrants who cannot be excluded from farm programs, optimal policy takes the form of a pure voluntary acreage limitation—or "buyout"—program in which high-cost producers participate and low-cost producers do not.     

Land tenure and rental in Western Sudan

This paper reports on aspects of land tenure in western Sudan, especially the nature of tenure insecurity and the functioning of the land rental market. The active land rental market accounted for about one-third of cultivated land. Patterns of land rental transactions, and tests of the importance of insecurity in renting land, where the owner may not be able to reclaim land rented out, do not support the presumption that rental markets perform poorly. The role of the sheikh as administrator of village land, and the claims of large landowners to vast tracts, are, however, important political problems that must be resolved before attempts at ‘rationalizing’ land tenure.     

The voice of the loyal manager: Distinguishing attachment from commitment

The purpose of this article is to use Albert Hirschman's Exit, Voice, and Loyalty framework to analyze the extent to which corporate employees are merely attached to the firm rather than committed. A model of managerial loyalty is developed where loyalty is defined as the percentage pay increase that an employee would require to leave the current firm for alternative employment. Independent variables in the model include barriers to exit and voice. This model was tested on three data sets from North American airlines. This model received empirical support during a stable environment but was not strongly supported during a more turbulent environment. Implications of the results are discussed.     

乡村振兴视角下商业养老保险对土地流转影响研究

基于世代交叠理论和劳动闲暇理论以及CFPS数据,从商业养老保险的投保情况与收入情况两个层面实证分析商业养老保险对土地流转的影响。结果显示：商业养老保险一方面通过提高家庭养老保障水平的方式影响家庭参与土地流转的意愿,另一方面通过增加转移收入的方式影响家庭土地流转规模。参保商业养老保险对于土地流转意愿的影响还存在地区差异。     

探索土地问题的解决途径

从历史上看,农民的增收问题从来都是同土地产权制度的安排以及如何使用紧密联系在一起的。新中国成立以来,农地制度经历了四次重大变革。从变革中可以看出,土地问题确实是解决"三农"问题的核心。土地问题的解决不可能是一劳永逸的,现实中的问题只能通过改革来解决。     

深化农村各项制度改革,从根本上解决三农问题

目前,“三农”问题严重制约了我国整体现代化进程。造成“三农”问题的根本原因是农村的各种旧体制已成为生产力发展的障碍。因此,要彻底解决“三农”问题,必须深化农村各项体制改革,实现体制的全面创新。     

转轨时期我国小农经济改造思想演变与争议

改造小农经济是转轨时期社会主义建设的最艰巨的任务之一。本从家庭经营、规模经营、农业产业化、农村剩余劳动力、农地制度创新等5个方面总结了理论界对小农经济改造的争议与研究，并认为改造小农经济应以邓小平“两个飞跃”理论作为理论基础。     

农村土地资本化运作有关问题探析

现阶段农村资源的大量闲置和低水平利用,已成为制约我国农业经济进一步发展和提高农业劳动生产率的严重障碍.土地,作为农业最基本的资源,其资本化运作显得尤其重要与必要.农村土地的资本化运作主要有三种形式:承包租赁型、产权(经营权)拍卖型和股份合作型.在农村土地资本化运作过程中应着力解决的问题是:加强认识,调整思路;深化农村土地制度的改革,加快农村剩余劳动力的转移;加大农业投入力度以及完善农业风险机制等.